CALS Farm and Industry Short Course Program: Farm Microbiology: Lecture Outlines

SECTION 3.
General Survey of Important Prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archae)

1. Overview of some of the important groups: SEE TABLE on special page.
   
   
2. Some special notes (comments, additions, etc.) concerning the organisms on the table:
   
   
   1. The Enteric Bacteria ("enterics").
      
      
   2. What are coliforms?
      
      

      Lactose-fermenting (to acid & gas) strains of:    Escherichia coli    Enterobacter    Klebsiella    Citrobacter

      1. Definition of term.
         
         
      2. Detection – taking advantage of coliforms' gram-negativity and ability to ferment lactose.
         
         
      3. Importance of coliforms.
         
         
         1. Indicators of possible health hazards.
            
            
         2. Importance in some food fermentations.
            
            
         3. Importance in soil.
            
            
         4. Pathogenicity.
            
            
   3. Escherichia coli (good old E. coli).
      
      
      1. Habitat.
         
         
      2. Use as indicator organism.
         
         
      3. Use as experimental organism.
         
         
      4. Close relationship to Shigella.
         
         
      5. Pathogenicity of E. coli.
         
         
   4. What is a serotype?
      
      
      1. For precise identification and epidemiology.
         
         
      2. O and H antigens.
         
         
      3. Examples.
         
         

      genus and species	example of serotype designation (the "antigenic formula")
      Salmonella enterica	1,4,5,12:i:1,2
      Escherichia coli	O157:H7

      
      
      
   5. The Lactic Acid Bacteria ("lactics").
      
      
   6. The Pseudomonads.
      
      
      1. Application of name.
         
         
      2. Importance in the environment.
         
         
      3. Pathogenic importance.
         
         
   7. Antibiotic-producing bacteria.
      
      
      1. Many species of Streptomyces.
         
         
      2. Some species of Bacillus and other genera.
         
         
      3. From isolation of organism to production of antibiotic.
         
         
   8. A couple bioterrorism concerns (mentioned earlier).
      
      
      1. Yersinia pestis.
         
         
      2. Bacillus anthracis.
         
         

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Page last modified on 3/3/05 at 1:15 PM, CST. John Lindquist, Dept. of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin – Madison